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How the diversity of the faces arises
1Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Journal of Oral Biosciences
|November 22, 2019
Summary
Facial diversity arises from evolutionary adaptations in embryonic development. Recent research integrates genetic, epigenetic, and cellular factors to understand facial form and function.
Area of Science:
- Evolutionary biology
- Developmental biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Facial evolution is key for species adaptation to diverse diets and environments.
- Facial shape diversity stems from divergent embryonic facial development processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- Review recent advancements in understanding the basis of facial diversity.
- Explore the robustness of facial development and its evolutionary implications.
- Identify challenges in comprehending facial diversity.
Main Methods:
- Review of genetic factors influencing facial development.
- Analysis of epigenetic mechanisms in facial form.
- Examination of molecular and cellular processes.
- Investigation of physical forces in facial development.
Main Results:
- Significant progress in understanding cis-regulatory elements and gene expression.
- Insights into cellular behavior and physical forces shaping facial development.
- Established the link between developmental robustness and facial evolution.
Conclusions:
- Decades of research have advanced knowledge on facial development.
- Interdisciplinary integration is crucial for a complete understanding of facial diversity.
- Current challenges remain in fully elucidating the mechanisms driving facial diversity.
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