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Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in neonates and implications for its long-term impact
Bhavesh Mehta1, Karen Waters2, Dominic Fitzgerald2
1Department of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia.
Paediatric Respiratory Reviews
|November 23, 2019
Summary
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in infants, especially preterm ones, leads to increased healthcare use. Standardizing diagnosis and treatment for neonatal SDB is crucial for better long-term outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Neonatology
- Pediatric Sleep Medicine
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a major cause of illness in newborns and young infants.
- SDB is more prevalent in preterm infants and those with genetic syndromes.
- Infants with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or SDB incur higher healthcare costs and longer hospital stays.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review neonatal sleep physiology and SDB characteristics.
- To emphasize the epidemiology and diagnosis of SDB in neonates.
- To discuss the long-term implications of neonatal SDB.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of neonatal sleep physiology.
- Analysis of epidemiological data on SDB in neonates.
- Discussion of diagnostic challenges and treatment modalities for neonatal SDB.
Main Results:
- SDB is common in neonates, particularly preterm infants and those with syndromes.
- Infants with SDB experience increased healthcare utilization.
- Current diagnostic and treatment thresholds for neonatal SDB are not well-defined.
Conclusions:
- Standardized diagnostic and treatment protocols for neonatal SDB are needed globally.
- Early diagnosis and intervention are essential for high-risk newborns.
- Further research is required to clarify SDB thresholds and optimize management in neonates.
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