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Metasurface Loaded High Gain Antenna based Microwave Imaging using Iteratively Corrected Delay Multiply and Sum

M Tarikul Islam1, Md Samsuzzaman2, Salehin Kibria3

  • 1Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia. p94299@siswa.ukm.edu.my.

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This study presents a low-cost microwave imaging system using specialized antennas and an iteratively corrected delay multiply and sum algorithm for safe and effective breast tumor detection. The system successfully identified multiple simulated tumors in realistic breast phantoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Electromagnetics
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Breast cancer is a significant global health concern.
  • Microwave imaging (MI) offers a safe, non-ionizing alternative for medical diagnosis.
  • Early detection of breast anomalies is critical for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the design of a cylindrical microwave imaging system for low-cost, low-loss breast tumor detection.
  • To evaluate the performance of the iteratively corrected delay multiply and sum (IC-DMAS) algorithm in this system.
  • To validate the system's efficacy using realistic breast phantoms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 16-antenna array with Index Near-Zero (INZ) metasurfaces (MS) for enhanced gain and bandwidth (8.5 GHz).
  • Employed a cylindrical arrangement with a rotating table and a non-reflective switching matrix for signal transmission/reception.
  • Developed realistic heterogeneous breast phantoms with layered dielectric properties (skin, fat, glandular, tumor).
  • Controlled system operation, data acquisition, and post-processing using MATLAB.

Main Results:

  • The system demonstrated efficient detection of multiple tumor objects within the phantoms.
  • Imaging results and Signal to Mean Ratio (SMR) values validated the system's performance.
  • The INZ metasurfaces enhanced antenna electrical length and signal gain.

Conclusions:

  • The developed cylindrical microwave imaging system is a viable solution for breast tumor detection.
  • The IC-DMAS algorithm effectively processed data for accurate imaging.
  • The system's low-cost and low-loss design makes it a promising technology for breast anomaly diagnosis.