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Gonorrhoea.

Magnus Unemo1,2, H Steven Seifert3, Edward W Hook4

  • 1World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and other Sexually Transmitted Infections, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden. magnus.unemo@regionorebrolan.se.

Nature Reviews. Disease Primers
|November 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae threatens effective gonorrhoea treatment. Developing rapid diagnostics, new therapies, and vaccines is crucial for controlling this widespread sexually transmitted infection.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes gonorrhoea, a prevalent sexually transmitted infection (STI) with 86.9 million global cases annually.
  • Infections can manifest in genital and extragenital sites, requiring accurate diagnosis via microscopy, culture, or nucleic acid amplification tests.
  • Current prevention focuses on safe sex practices and reducing stigma, as no vaccine is available.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
  • To emphasize the need for enhanced global surveillance of AMR and improved understanding of antimicrobial pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
  • To outline key priorities for gonorrhoea control, including prevention, diagnosis, treatment, stigma reduction, and responsible antimicrobial stewardship.

Main Methods:

  • The abstract discusses the global incidence and clinical presentation of gonorrhoea.
  • It reviews current diagnostic and treatment strategies for Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections.
  • It highlights the challenge posed by emerging antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and the need for improved surveillance and understanding of antimicrobial action.

Main Results:

  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae is evolving high levels of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), jeopardizing current treatment efficacy.
  • Effective control requires strengthened prevention, early diagnosis, partner treatment, and reduced stigma.
  • There is an urgent need for improved global surveillance of AMR and treatment failures.

Conclusions:

  • The rise of AMR in Neisseria gonorrhoeae poses a significant global public health threat.
  • Key priorities include enhanced surveillance, understanding antimicrobial pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, and promoting responsible antimicrobial use.
  • Development of rapid point-of-care diagnostics for AMR detection, novel therapeutics, and vaccines is crucial for future gonorrhoea control.