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Related Experiment Video

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Cytokine Release Syndrome: Current Perspectives.

Hemant Murthy1, Madiha Iqbal1, Julio C Chavez2

  • 1Division of Hematology-Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.

Immunotargets and Therapy
|November 23, 2019
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Summary

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CART) therapy shows promise for B-cell cancers. This review focuses on managing cytokine release syndrome (CRS), a key toxicity of CART therapy, exploring its causes, grading, and treatments.

Keywords:
chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapycytokine release syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Cellular Therapy

Background:

  • Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CART) therapy is a revolutionary cancer treatment.
  • CD19 CART cells, such as tisagenleclucel and axicabtagene ciloleucel, are approved for relapsed/refractory B-cell NHL and B-ALL.
  • CART therapy presents unique toxicities, primarily cytokine release syndrome (CRS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the critical aspects of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) in CART therapy.
  • To enhance understanding of CRS pathogenesis for improved patient management.
  • To summarize current and emerging therapeutic strategies for CRS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical successes and toxicities associated with CART therapy.
  • Analysis of published data on cytokine release syndrome (CRS) definitions, risk factors, and grading.
  • Synthesis of information on current and investigational treatments for CRS.

Main Results:

  • Recent clinical advancements highlight the efficacy of CD19 CART cells in B-cell malignancies.
  • Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a significant and potentially severe toxicity of CART therapy.
  • Understanding CRS pathogenesis is essential for effective clinical management.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of CRS is paramount for the safe and successful application of CART therapy.
  • Further research into CRS pathogenesis and novel therapies is crucial.
  • This review provides a comprehensive overview of CRS, aiding clinicians in patient care.