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Infected Mosquitoes Have Altered Behavior to Repellents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Marc J Lajeunesse1, Daniel A Avello1, Morgan S Behrmann1

  • 1Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.

Journal of Medical Entomology
|November 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mosquito repellents are 62% less effective against infected mosquitoes. Studies show infection status significantly reduces repellent efficacy, highlighting the need to include infected mosquitoes in future repellent trials to improve disease prevention.

Keywords:
feeding behaviormalariamosquito repellent and attractantmosquito-borne disease

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Entomology
  • Vector-borne Disease Control

Background:

  • Mosquitoes are vectors for numerous human diseases.
  • Repellents are crucial for preventing mosquito bites and disease transmission.
  • The impact of mosquito infection status on repellent efficacy is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze studies on mosquito infection status and repellent effectiveness.
  • To determine if infected mosquitoes respond differently to repellents compared to uninfected mosquitoes.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 studies.
  • Screened 2,316 publications, theses, and abstracts.
  • Analyzed outcomes from 7 repellents and 6 mosquito species across various infections.

Main Results:

  • Repellents were 62% less effective against infected mosquitoes (pooled OR = 0.38).
  • Older infected mosquitoes showed altered responses and reduced sensitivity.
  • Malaria and Dengue-infected mosquitoes did not show significantly altered responses in some analyses.

Conclusions:

  • Mosquito infection status significantly reduces repellent efficacy.
  • Repellent effectiveness trials should include infected mosquitoes for improved predictability.
  • Findings emphasize the challenge of distinguishing age/incubation effects from infection effects.