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Adaptation of Semiautomated Circulating Tumor Cell CTC Assays for Clinical and Preclinical Research Applications

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Evaluating Novel Markers for Specimen Validity Testing.

Patrick B Kyle¹, Jaswinder Kaur¹

¹From the Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson.

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine

|November 23, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Synthetic urine products can evade drug screens, necessitating new validity tests. A new LC-MS/MS assay effectively identified these synthetic samples, improving drug testing accuracy.

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Heterogeneity Mapping of Protein Expression in Tumors using Quantitative Immunofluorescence

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Area of Science:

Forensic Toxicology
Analytical Chemistry
Clinical Chemistry

Background:

Synthetic urine is widely used to falsify drug tests, posing a challenge to accurate screening.
Current specimen validity tests are insufficient to detect these artificial samples.
Novel markers are needed to identify synthetic urine specimens effectively.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a multicomponent liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay for urine specimen validity testing.
To assess the effectiveness of the assay in detecting synthetic urine products.
To identify new markers for improved urine specimen validity.

Main Methods:

A quantitative LC-MS/MS assay was developed to measure caffeine, cotinine, theobromine, and urobilin in urine.
The assay was tested on synthetic urine samples and human specimens from various testing contexts.
Failed specimens underwent further analysis including urinalysis and comprehensive GC-MS.

Main Results:

The LC-MS/MS assay successfully identified 100% of synthetic urine products tested.
The assay also detected nonphysiologic specimens in pre-employment (2.4%) and pain management (2.0%) testing.
Follow-up analyses confirmed the nonphysiologic nature of the failed specimens.

Conclusions:

The developed 4-marker LC-MS/MS assay is a robust method for detecting nonphysiologic urine specimens.
The findings highlight the inadequacy of current validity criteria against synthetic urine.
Development of new validity markers is crucial for detecting commercially available synthetic urine products.