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Prevalence of Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Chlamydia trachomatis Determined by Molecular Testing in
Antonio Travaglino1, Mirella Pace1, Silvia Varricchio1
1Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Pathology Section, Naples, Italy.
Objectives:
To assess the prevalence of Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Chlamydia trachomatis in ocular adnexa lymphoma (OAL) determined by molecular testing in different countries and the potential association of Chlamydia infection with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) histotype by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods:
Electronic databases were searched for studies assessing the presence of Chlamydia in OAL. Pooled prevalence of the three Chlamydia species was calculated in each country. An odds ratio was calculated for the association between Chlamydia and MALT histotype, with a significant P < .05.
Results:
Thirty-seven studies with 1,188 OALs were included. Pooled prevalence of C psittaci, C pneumoniae, and C trachomatis by country was done. Chlamydia infection was significantly associated with MALT histotype (odds ratio, 2.183; P = .027).
Conclusions:
The involvement of C psittaci in OAL is highly variable, with the highest prevalence in Italy and Korea. Chlamydia is associated with MALT histotype.
Insights
Chlamydia infection, including Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Chlamydia trachomatis, is linked to ocular adnexa lymphoma (OAL). This infection shows a significant association with the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) histotype in OAL.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Oncology
Background:
- Ocular adnexa lymphoma (OAL) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
- The role of infectious agents, particularly Chlamydia species, in the development of OAL is not fully understood.
- Previous studies have suggested a potential link between Chlamydia and OAL.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Chlamydia trachomatis in ocular adnexa lymphoma (OAL) globally.
- To investigate the association between Chlamydia infection and the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) histotype in OAL.
- To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing studies.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was performed on electronic databases.
- Studies reporting the presence of Chlamydia in OAL samples were included.
- Pooled prevalence of Chlamydia species was calculated by country, and an odds ratio was computed for the association with MALT histotype.
Main Results:
- The meta-analysis included 37 studies comprising 1,188 cases of OAL.
- Pooled prevalence data for C. psittaci, C. pneumoniae, and C. trachomatis were analyzed per country.
- A significant association was found between Chlamydia infection and the MALT histotype in OAL (odds ratio = 2.183, P = .027).
Conclusions:
- The prevalence of Chlamydia psittaci in OAL varies significantly across different countries, with notable high rates in Italy and Korea.
- Chlamydia infection is confirmed as a significant factor associated with the MALT histotype in ocular adnexa lymphoma.
