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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 3, 2026

The Calibration and Use of Capacitance Sensors to Monitor Stem Water Content in Trees

The Calibration and Use of Capacitance Sensors to Monitor Stem Water Content in Trees

Published on: December 27, 2017

Spatio-temporal transpiration patterns reflect vegetation structure in complex upland terrain.

Daniel Metzen¹, Gary J Sheridan², Richard G Benyon²

¹School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Baldwin Spencer Building, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia.

The Science of the Total Environment

|November 24, 2019

Summary

Topography significantly influences forest transpiration patterns. While drainage position shapes vegetation, slope orientation is key for transpiration, with energy and water availability adapting plant water use over time.

Keywords:

Aridity index Eucalyptus Forest structure Sap flow Topography

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Use of Principal Components for Scaling Up Topographic Models to Map Soil Redistribution and Soil Organic Carbon

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Published on: October 16, 2018

Area of Science:

Eco-hydrology
Forest Ecology
Biogeosciences

Background:

Topography influences eco-hydrologic processes by altering energy and water availability.
Understanding spatio-temporal transpiration dynamics in complex terrain requires knowledge of energy-moisture interactions and vegetation adaptation.
Forest structure and transpiration are shaped by interactions between slope orientation and hillslope position.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of slope orientation and hillslope position on forest structure and transpiration patterns.
To determine how energy and moisture patterns interact to shape ecosystem state and water fluxes.
To understand vegetation adaptation to hydro-climatic conditions in complex terrain.

Main Methods:

Measurements of forest structure, sap flux, soil moisture, throughfall, and incoming shortwave radiation.
Utilized two downslope transects in a forested headwater catchment in south-east Australia.
Controlled for drainage position (topographic wetness index) and energy input (aridity index).

Main Results:

Vegetation patterns were more strongly related to drainage position than slope orientation.
Sap velocity variations were less pronounced, but consistent transpiration patterns emerged with stand sapwood area.
Slope orientation was the primary factor, and drainage position the secondary, controlling transpiration patterns.
Radiation and vapor pressure deficit regulated short-term transpiration; soil water limitation occurred on shallow soils in summer.
Stand structural parameters became more important on longer time scales, indicating vegetation optimization.

Conclusions:

Vegetation patterns act as a time-integrated predictor of transpiration, reflecting long-term hydro-climatic conditions.
Slope orientation and drainage position are critical factors in determining forest transpiration dynamics.
Understanding these topographic controls is essential for predicting ecosystem responses to environmental change.