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The Use of Mouse Splenocytes to Assess Pathogen-associated Molecular Pattern Influence on Clock Gene Expression
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Molecular Interactions between Pathogens and the Circadian Clock.

Sailen Barik1

  • 13780 Pelham Drive, Mobile, AL 36619, USA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Circadian rhythms, controlled by specific genes, influence host-pathogen interactions and disease outcomes. This review explores molecular mechanisms of circadian regulation in infection and immunity.

Keywords:
BMAL1bacteriacircadian clockhost–pathogenimmunityinfectionsleep cyclevirus

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Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Daily biological rhythms, or circadian (circa = about, diem = day) rhythms, are fundamental to life.
  • Cellular genes control circadian periodicity, impacting hormonal, metabolic, and immunological pathways.
  • The circadian system's role in regulating infection and disease is a growing area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on circadian-pathogen interactions.
  • To emphasize the molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions.
  • To explore direct interactions between circadian factors and pathogen molecules.

Main Methods:

  • Critical review of existing literature.
  • Systematic analysis of molecular mechanisms.
  • Exploration of host-pathogen interactions at systemic and cellular levels.

Main Results:

  • Circadian genes significantly influence infection and disease outcomes.
  • Molecular crosstalk exists between circadian pathways and host defense mechanisms.
  • Pathogenic macromolecules may directly interact with circadian factors.

Conclusions:

  • The circadian system is a key regulator of host-pathogen dynamics.
  • Understanding these interactions offers potential therapeutic targets.
  • Future research should focus on molecular mechanisms and direct interactions.