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Related Concept Videos

Neurulation01:30

Neurulation

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Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...
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Dynamic acetylation profile during mammalian neurulation.

Valentina Massa1, Laura Avagliano1, Paolo Grazioli1

  • 1Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.

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|November 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Protein acetylation is crucial for early central nervous system development. This study reveals that the p53-acetylation balance influences neural tube closure in mammals, offering insights into preventing neural tube defects.

Keywords:
Cited2acetylation profileneural tube defectsneurodevelopmentp53

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Neural tube defects (NTDs) are severe birth defects affecting 0.5-2 per 1,000 human pregnancies.
  • Failure of neural tube closure during embryogenesis leads to conditions like anencephaly and spina bifida.
  • Defective histone acetyltransferase proteins in animal models are linked to NTDs, highlighting acetylation's role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the contribution of protein acetylation to the early patterning of the central nervous system.
  • To analyze dynamic protein acetylation during neural tube closure in human and murine specimens.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized human and mouse (Cited2 -/-) samples.
  • Employed immunohistochemistry, western blot analysis, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
  • Examined dynamic acetylation of proteins during embryo development.

Main Results:

  • Characterized the dynamic profile of histone and protein acetylation during neural tube closure.
  • Observed a rescue effect in an animal model through chemical p53 inhibition.

Conclusions:

  • The p53-acetylation equilibrium is suggested to play a role in mammalian primary neurulation.
  • Findings provide a basis for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying NTDs.