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Related Concept Videos

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)01:27

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
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Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
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Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder01:29

Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder

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The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
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Classification of Illness01:17

Classification of Illness

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The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
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Personality Disorders: Schizotypal and Histrionic01:20

Personality Disorders: Schizotypal and Histrionic

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Schizotypal personality disorder and histrionic personality disorder are two distinct psychological conditions classified under personality disorders, each characterized by unique behavioral patterns and social difficulties. Both disorders significantly affect interpersonal relationships and emotional well-being, leading to social isolation and frustration.
Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Eccentric Behavior and Social Withdrawal
Schizotypal personality disorder is marked by odd or eccentric...
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Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia
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Imaging-Based Subtyping for Psychiatric Syndromes.

Elena I Ivleva1, Halide B Turkozer1, John A Sweeney2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, NC5, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.

Neuroimaging Clinics of North America
|November 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neuroimaging reveals brain differences in psychiatric disorders, but clinical use is difficult. This review explores using these brain findings to define subtypes for better diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords:
BiomarkersDisease subtypesMR imagingNeuroimagingPsychiatric disordersPsychoradiology

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Psychiatric disorders exhibit significant neurobiological alterations.
  • Clinical integration of neuroimaging findings remains a challenge.
  • Validated psychiatric disease constructs are needed for diagnostics and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review robust neuroimaging findings for defining psychiatric disease subtypes.
  • To emphasize cross-diagnostic and dimensional approaches in psychiatric research.
  • To discuss challenges and future strategies for clinical translation of psychoradiology.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual review of impactful neuroimaging studies.
  • Emphasis on cross-diagnostic and dimensional approaches.
  • Analysis of current psychoradiology challenges.

Main Results:

  • Neuroimaging offers insights into neurobiological alterations in psychiatric disorders.
  • Distinct disease subtypes can potentially be defined using neuroimaging data.
  • Cross-diagnostic and dimensional approaches show promise.

Conclusions:

  • Neuroimaging holds potential for biologically validating psychiatric constructs.
  • Addressing psychoradiology challenges is crucial for clinical application.
  • Future strategies are needed to translate neuroimaging findings into clinical practice.