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Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs
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Ventilation strategies in transition from neonatal respiratory distress to chronic lung disease

Yi Sun1, Huayan Zhang2

  • 1Division of Neonatology and Center for Newborn Care, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, No.9 Jin Sui Road, Zhujiang New City, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong Province, PR China.

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
|November 25, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is challenging. This review covers evolving respiratory support strategies considering pulmonary changes and current evidence.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Critical Care

Background:

  • Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a common complication in preterm infants.
  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that can develop from RDS.
  • Despite advances, BPD prevention in preterm infants remains a significant clinical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current respiratory support strategies for preterm infants with RDS.
  • To discuss the evolution of these strategies in the context of developing BPD.
  • To analyze changes in pulmonary mechanics and pathophysiology relevant to BPD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current evidence on respiratory support in preterm infants.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on the progression from RDS to BPD.
  • Examination of data on pulmonary mechanics and pathophysiology.

Main Results:

  • Respiratory support strategies have evolved to mitigate lung injury.
  • Understanding pulmonary mechanics is crucial for tailoring interventions.
  • Current evidence guides but does not fully resolve BPD prevention.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing respiratory support is key to preventing BPD progression.
  • Further research is needed to refine strategies based on pathophysiology.
  • Multidisciplinary approaches are essential for managing preterm infants at risk for BPD.

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