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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
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Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function in Experimental Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
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Left ventricular hypertrophy and hypertension.

Mehmet Yildiz1, Ahmet Afşin Oktay2, Merrill H Stewart3

  • 1Department of Medicine, Southern Ohio Medical Center, Portsmouth, OH, United States of America.

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
|November 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypertension (HTN) damages the heart's left ventricle (LV), causing geometrical changes like hypertrophy (LVH). Managing blood pressure is crucial for preventing and reversing these harmful LV alterations and reducing cardiovascular risks.

Keywords:
Anti-hypertension therapyHypertensionLeft ventricular geometryLeft ventricular hypertrophyRemodeling

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Cardiovascular Imaging

Background:

  • Hypertension (HTN) is a primary modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality.
  • The left ventricle (LV) is a key organ affected by HTN, leading to geometrical changes.
  • These LV abnormalities, including concentric remodeling and LV hypertrophy (LVH), are independent risk factors for adverse outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of the literature on the relationship between HTN and LV geometry abnormalities.
  • To focus on the diagnostic, prognostic, pathophysiological, and therapeutic aspects of HTN-induced LV changes.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review.
  • Analysis of diagnostic imaging techniques for LV geometry.
  • Review of pathophysiological mechanisms linking HTN and LV remodeling.
  • Evaluation of treatment strategies for LVH in hypertensive patients.

Main Results:

  • HTN significantly impacts LV geometry, leading to remodeling and hypertrophy.
  • LV geometrical changes are strong predictors of CVD, all-cause mortality, and neurological events.
  • Blood pressure control through lifestyle modifications and antihypertensive medications can prevent and reverse LVH.

Conclusions:

  • HTN-induced LV geometrical abnormalities represent a critical aspect of HTN management.
  • Early diagnosis and effective blood pressure control are essential to mitigate the risks associated with LVH.
  • Further research into pathophysiological mechanisms and targeted therapies can improve outcomes for hypertensive patients with LV abnormalities.