[Amyloid β related angitis without marked leukoencephalopathy]

Yoko Taniguchi1, Taro Kitamura1, Hiroyasu Inoue1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Nagoya City East Medical Center.

Insights

This study reports a case of a patient with amyloid beta-related vasculitis presenting with neurological symptoms. Prompt steroid therapy led to a positive outcome, highlighting its efficacy in managing this rare condition.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Amyloid beta-related vasculitis is a rare inflammatory condition affecting cerebral blood vessels.
  • Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and white matter lesions are potential MRI findings in vasculitis.

Observation:

  • An 86-year-old woman presented with headache and altered consciousness.
  • Head MRI revealed occipital lobe-dominant CMBs, white matter lesions, and leptomeningeal enhancement after gadolinium contrast.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with amyloid beta-related vasculitis.
  • Treatment with steroids resulted in a good clinical outcome.
  • Symptom exacerbation correlated with increased CMB contrast enhancement but not new white matter lesions or leptomeningeal changes.

Implications:

  • Steroid therapy appears effective for amyloid beta-related vasculitis.
  • MRI findings, particularly CMBs and leptomeningeal enhancement, can aid in diagnosis and monitoring.
  • Understanding the imaging evolution is crucial for managing this condition.