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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
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Intracellular bacteria and viruses often comprise a group of highly infectious pathogens that can cause several diseases. Bacterial pathogens include those belonging to the genus Rickettsia responsible for conditions such as rocky mountain spotted fever and the Mediterranean spotted fever; Chlamydia, a genus responsible for a sexually transmitted disease; Coxiella burnetii, an agent responsible for Q fever. Viral pathogens include vaccinia—a poxvirus, and herpes simplex virus—a...
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Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
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Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
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Tractable Mammalian Cell Infections with Protozoan-primed Bacteria
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Tractable Mammalian Cell Infections with Protozoan-primed Bacteria

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The intracellular pathogen concept.

Arturo Casadevall1, Ferric C Fang2

  • 1Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Molecular Microbiology
|November 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The intracellular pathogen concept, crucial for cellular microbiology, is being re-evaluated. Pathogen behavior blurs the lines between intracellular and extracellular, highlighting complex host-pathogen interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The intracellular pathogen concept defines microbes by their replication site and host cell dependence.
  • This concept was foundational to cellular microbiology and understanding host-pathogen interactions.
  • It spurred research into host cell biology and cell-mediated immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate the utility and limitations of the intracellular pathogen concept.
  • To discuss the evolving understanding of host-pathogen dynamics.
  • To acknowledge the contributions of Dr. Pascale Cossart to cellular microbiology.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of the intracellular pathogen concept.
  • Review of emerging evidence on pathogen behavior.
  • Discussion of host-pathogen interactions in cellular microbiology.

Main Results:

  • The strict classification of pathogens as solely intracellular or extracellular is increasingly challenged.
  • Many pathogens exhibit dynamic behavior, existing both inside and outside host cells.
  • Evidence suggests a spectrum of pathogen-host interactions rather than rigid categories.

Conclusions:

  • The intracellular pathogen concept remains a useful framework but should not be rigidly applied.
  • Host-pathogen interactions are complex and dynamic, defying simple classification.
  • Recognizing this complexity advances our understanding of microbial pathogenesis and immunity.