Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Properties of Organometallic Compounds01:23

Properties of Organometallic Compounds

1.6K
Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.
1.6K
Reactivity of Enolate Ions01:23

Reactivity of Enolate Ions

3.2K
Enolate ions are formed by the acid–base reaction of a carbonyl compound with a base. This leads to deprotonation of the α hydrogen atom, leading to a resonance-stabilized enolate ion where one of the contributing structures is an oxyanion, which imparts additional stability. Therefore, the proton on the α carbon is more acidic in nature than that of other sp3-hybridized C–H bonds but less acidic than those in O–H bonds where the negative charge in the conjugate...
3.2K
ortho–para-Directing Activators: –CH3, –OH, –⁠NH2, –OCH301:11

ortho–para-Directing Activators: –CH3, –OH, –⁠NH2, –OCH3

7.2K
All ortho–para directors, excluding halogens, are activating groups. These groups donate electrons to the ring, making the ring carbons electron-rich. Consequently, the reactivity of the aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution increases. For instance, the nitration of anisole is about 10,000 times faster than the nitration of benzene. The electron-donating effect of the methoxy group in anisole activates the ortho and para positions on the ring and stabilizes the corresponding...
7.2K
Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Hydroboration02:36

Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Hydroboration

9.3K
A significant aspect of hydroboration–oxidation is the regio- and stereochemical outcome of the reaction.
Hydroboration proceeds in a concerted fashion with the attack of borane on the π bond, giving a cyclic four-centered transition state. The –BH2 group is bonded to the less substituted carbon and –H to the more substituted carbon. The concerted nature requires the simultaneous addition of –H and –BH2 across the same face of the alkene giving syn stereochemistry.
9.3K
Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation02:47

Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation

20.5K
Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
20.5K
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

23.7K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
23.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Revealing the Atomic Structure of Blue Phosphorus Phases on Au(111) with Noncontact Atomic Force Microscopy.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Symmetry-Selective Ultrafast Charge Transfer via Cyano End Groups at the PDIF-CN<sub>2</sub>-Au(111) Interface.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Structure-controlled sulfur poisoning and hydrogen-induced regeneration in single Pd nanoparticles probed by nanospectroscopy.

Faraday discussions·2026
Same author

Assessment of Complementary Catalysts in an Uncharted Enantioselective Reaction of Sulfondiimines.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

IR nanospectroscopy mapping of facet-dependent sulfur poisoning and thermal regeneration on platinum nanocrystals.

Faraday discussions·2026
Same author

Chiral methionine oxidation reagents reveal stereospecific proteome modifications.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks MOFs
08:25

Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks MOFs

Published on: January 17, 2020

7.7K

Strong Metal-Adsorbate Interactions Increase the Reactivity and Decrease the Orientational Order of OH-Functionalized

Shahar Dery1, Iris Berg1, Suhong Kim2

  • 1Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology , The Hebrew University , Jerusalem 91904 , Israel.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|November 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chemically addressable N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) molecules on gold (Au) and platinum (Pt) surfaces show altered anchoring and reactivity. Stronger metal interactions increase NHC reactivity but reduce molecular order.

More Related Videos

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework
11:38

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework

Published on: February 1, 2020

16.7K
Surface Functionalization of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Improved Moisture Resistance
08:12

Surface Functionalization of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Improved Moisture Resistance

Published on: September 5, 2018

16.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks MOFs
08:25

Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks MOFs

Published on: January 17, 2020

7.7K
In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework
11:38

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework

Published on: February 1, 2020

16.7K
Surface Functionalization of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Improved Moisture Resistance
08:12

Surface Functionalization of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Improved Moisture Resistance

Published on: September 5, 2018

16.5K

Area of Science:

  • Surface science
  • Materials chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are crucial for designing self-assembled monolayers.
  • Understanding NHC structure-reactivity correlations on surfaces is vital for functional material design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how depositing hydroxyl-functionalized NHCs (OH-NHCs) on Au(111) and Pt(111) surfaces affects their anchoring geometry and chemical reactivity.
  • To correlate surface interactions with molecular orientation and reactivity of surface-anchored NHCs.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to probe surface properties.
  • Polarized near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (P-NEXAFS) measurements determined molecular orientation.
  • Deposition of OH-NHCs on Au(111) and Pt(111) surfaces.

Main Results:

  • OH-NHCs adopted a flat-lying orientation on Au(111) but showed no preferred orientation on Pt(111).
  • Significant dehydrogenation, aromatization, and hydroxyl oxidation occurred for OH-NHCs on Au(111).
  • OH-NHCs on Pt(111) exhibited facilitated dehydrogenation, aromatization, and partial decomposition.

Conclusions:

  • Stronger metal-adsorbate interactions enhance the reactivity of surface-anchored OH-NHCs.
  • Increased reactivity correlates with decreased molecular orientational order on the metal surfaces.