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A review of treatment for retinopathy of prematurity

Eric D Hansen1, M Elizabeth Hartnett1

  • 1John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA.

Expert Review of Ophthalmology
|November 26, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) management is evolving with anti-VEGF treatments improving outcomes. New surgical techniques and imaging advance care for severe ROP stages, reducing childhood blindness.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a primary cause of childhood blindness globally.
  • Current research focuses on advanced methods for identifying and managing ROP.
  • The study addresses the impact of new treatments on ROP progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current management and outcomes for vascularly active and fibrovascular retinal detachment in ROP (stages 3, 4, 5).
  • To highlight evidence from recent clinical studies comparing anti-VEGF treatment with laser therapy.
  • To discuss technical surgical details for retinal detachment in ROP.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search conducted via PubMed.
  • Review of prospective, large-scale clinical studies.
  • Comparison of anti-VEGF treatment with standard laser care for ROP.

Main Results:

  • Anti-VEGF treatment alters ROP's natural course, reducing neovascularization and improving retinal vascularization.
  • Stage 4 ROP with tractional retinal detachment shows increased fibrovascular complexity after anti-VEGF therapy compared to laser treatment.
  • Evidence from recent clinical studies is highlighted for stages 3, 4, and 5 ROP.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in pediatric imaging and pharmacologic treatments are enhancing ROP care.
  • Surgical techniques are continually improving, leading to better outcomes for ROP patients.
  • Ongoing research aims to further improve future outcomes for retinopathy of prematurity.
Abstract

Keywords:
angiogenesislaserlens-sparingretinal detachmentretinopathy of prematurity (ROP)scleral bucklestage 4 or 5 ROPsurgical outcomesvascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors (anti-VEGF)vitrectomy

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