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Updated: Jan 3, 2026

A Three-Dimensional Spheroid Model to Investigate the Tumor-Stromal Interaction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Exceptional evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Haithem Rejab1, Aymen Trigui1, Youssef Mejdoub1

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|November 26, 2019
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rarely causes spinal cord compression, a critical condition requiring urgent diagnosis. This study highlights two new cases and reviews literature on this exceptional complication.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer.
  • Bone metastases from HCC are uncommon, occurring in 2%–20% of cases.
  • Spinal cord compression secondary to HCC is exceptionally rare, with an incidence of 0.03%–1.52%.

Observation:

  • This study reports two new cases of spinal cord compression caused by HCC.
  • These cases underscore the importance of considering HCC as a potential cause of spinal cord compression.
  • Neurological signs warrant systematic investigation for this rare but emergent condition.

Findings:

  • Spinal cord compression due to HCC is a rare but critical oncological emergency.
  • Early detection through systematic screening in patients with neurological signs is crucial.
  • Literature review supports the rarity and severity of this HCC complication.

Implications:

  • Highlights the need for vigilance in diagnosing spinal cord compression in HCC patients with neurological deficits.
  • Emphasizes the importance of prompt diagnostic workup and multidisciplinary management.
  • Contributes to the understanding of rare metastatic patterns in hepatocellular carcinoma.