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Bacterial diversity in intestinal mucosa of antibiotic-associated diarrhea mice

Guozhen Xie1, Kai Tan2, Maijiao Peng1

  • 11Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Xueshi Road 300, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410208 Hunan Province China.

3 Biotech
|November 26, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in mice was studied by analyzing gut bacteria. Antibiotics significantly altered gut microbiota composition, reducing beneficial Lactobacillus and increasing harmful Enterococcus, leading to gut barrier damage.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a common complication of antibiotic therapy.
  • The precise mechanisms underlying AAD, particularly alterations in intestinal mucosal bacteria, require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of a combined antibiotic treatment (gentamicin sulfate and cefradine) on the bacterial diversity and composition of the intestinal mucosa in a mouse model of AAD.
  • To identify specific bacterial genera affected by antibiotic treatment and their potential role in AAD pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Establishment of an AAD mouse model using a combination of gentamicin sulfate and cefradine.
  • Extraction of intestinal mucosa DNA for 16S rRNA gene sequencing via high-throughput sequencing.
  • Comparative analysis of bacterial alpha diversity and composition between control and AAD groups.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in alpha diversity was observed between control and AAD groups.
  • Significant differences in intestinal mucosa bacterial composition were found, with increased abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria in the AAD group.
  • Antibiotic treatment led to a significant decrease in *Lactobacillus* and a significant increase in *Enterococcus* abundance.
  • Specific genera such as *Citrobacter*, *Stenotrophomonas*, and *Glutamicibacter* increased, while *Mycoplasma* and *Helicobacter* decreased in the AAD group.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of gentamicin sulfate and cefradine dramatically alters intestinal mucosa bacterial composition in AAD mice.
  • Reduced abundance of *Lactobacillus* and increased abundance of *Enterococcus* are key changes associated with AAD.
  • Antibiotic-induced alterations in gut microbiota composition compromise colonization resistance and damage the intestinal mucosal barrier.
Keywords:
16S rRNAAntibiotic-associated diarrheaAntibioticsBacterial diversityIntestinal mucosa

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