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Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Urinary Bladder Distention Evoked Visceromotor Responses as a Model for Bladder Pain in Mice
Published on: April 27, 2014
Evaluation of several botulinum toxins-A delivering systems into the bladder in interstitial cystitis/painful bladder
Farbod Torkamand1, Seyed Javad Mirjavadi1, Fatemeh Khatami2
1Sina Hospital, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, IRAN.
Abstract:
Botulinum toxins were primary suggested for the neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) treatment about thirty years ago. The application of BTX-A in LUTD have just developed and the approval of BTX-A injection confirmed in for patients with both overactive bladders (OAB) and neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO). Actually the BTX-A medication in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is not licensed, but there is under consideration. Despite BTX-A is recommended to treat patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (ICBPS) under different occasions, its efficacy and safety in the cure of (IC/BPS) is under consideration. One difficulty is related to the toxin delivering systems. It is shown that there is no difference in BTX-A injection to body or trigone but there is a need on further large-scale studies over this subject. Moreover, Hydro distention can boost the therapeutic effect of BTX-A for IC/BPS patients. Additional studies should consider the safety and efficacy of BTX-A injection in the treatment of BTX-A.
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