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Related Concept Videos

Emission Spectra02:39

Emission Spectra

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When solids, liquids, or condensed gases are heated sufficiently, they radiate some of the excess energy as light. Photons produced in this manner have a range of energies, and thereby produce a continuous spectrum in which an unbroken series of wavelengths is present.
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The Nitrogen Cycle01:49

The Nitrogen Cycle

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Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE)01:06

Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE)

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Irradiation of a spin-active nucleus causes an increase or decrease in the signal intensity of neighboring nuclei that are not necessarily chemically bonded or involved in J-coupling. This phenomenon, called the nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE), results from through-space interactions between the nuclear spins. The NOE effect decreases with increasing internuclear distance and is generally not observed beyond 4 angstroms. In NOE, dipole-dipole interactions between neighboring spin-active...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

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Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
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Automated, High-resolution Mobile Collection System for the Nitrogen Isotopic Analysis of NOx
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Pinpointing nitrogen oxide emissions from space.

Steffen Beirle1, Christian Borger1, Steffen Dörner1

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, Mainz, Germany.

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|November 26, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Satellite NO2 observations can now pinpoint individual power plant emissions. This new method uses wind data to improve spatial resolution, even in polluted cities like Riyadh.

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Area of Science:

  • Atmospheric chemistry and remote sensing
  • Environmental monitoring and pollution tracking

Background:

  • Satellite observations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are crucial for understanding emission sources.
  • Current limitations include spatial resolution issues due to atmospheric transport and temporal averaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-resolution method for mapping NO2 emissions using satellite data and wind fields.
  • To accurately quantify emissions from individual point sources, such as power plants.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized TROPOMI satellite observations of NO2.
  • Integrated wind fields derived from the continuity equation.
  • Analyzed the divergence of horizontal NO2 fluxes to identify point sources.

Main Results:

  • Successfully mapped NO2 emissions at high spatial resolution, resolving individual power plant stacks.
  • Quantified emissions from power plants even amidst high urban pollution in Riyadh.
  • Demonstrated global applicability for cataloging large point source emissions in South Africa and Germany.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method significantly enhances the ability to pinpoint and quantify NO2 emissions from specific industrial sources.
  • This technique offers a detection limit as low as 0.03 kg/s under ideal conditions, enabling detailed emission inventories.