Monocular Vision Loss: A Rare Cause.

Area of Science:

• Neuro-oncology
• Ophthalmology
• Neurology

Background:

• Metastatic breast cancer can present with diverse neurological complications.
• Meningiomas are primary brain tumors that can cause focal neurological deficits.
• Unilateral vision loss is a critical symptom requiring prompt etiological investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of unilateral vision loss caused by an optic nerve compression from a meningioma.
• To emphasize the importance of including intracranial masses in the differential diagnosis of monocular vision loss.

Main Methods:

• A case study of a 62-year-old woman with a history of metastatic breast cancer and meningioma.
• Clinical presentation including unilateral vision loss, anisocoria, and afferent pupillary defect.
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify the cause of optic nerve compression.

Main Results:

• MRI revealed a right frontal meningioma compressing the optic nerve.
• The tumor was identified as the cause of the patient's monocular vision loss.

Conclusions:

• Frontal meningiomas can cause significant visual impairment through optic nerve compression.
• Cerebral structures anterior to the optic chiasm, including meningiomas, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of monocular vision loss.
• Prompt neuroimaging is crucial for diagnosing vision-threatening intracranial pathologies.