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Related Concept Videos

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

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In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
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Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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EDTA: Chemistry and Properties01:22

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Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...
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Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

23.7K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

48.4K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
48.4K
Complexometric Titration: Ligands00:43

Complexometric Titration: Ligands

2.1K
Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides
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Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides

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Polyelectrolyte Conformation Controlled by a Trivalent-Rich Ion Jacket.

Sarah N Innes-Gold1, Philip A Pincus2, Mark J Stevens3

  • 1Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|November 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Charged polymers like hyaluronic acid can be insensitive to salt concentration. This is due to a protective ion "jacket" that stabilizes the polymer

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Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water
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Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides
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Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water
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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Physics
  • Biophysics
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Charged polymer configuration is typically sensitive to surrounding salt ions and bulk ionic strength.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for various applications, from drug delivery to biomaterials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ionic strength dependence of a charged polysaccharide, hyaluronic acid.
  • To explore the role of multivalent ions in modulating polymer behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Single-molecule mechanical measurements were employed to probe hyaluronic acid.
  • Molecular simulations and theoretical modeling were used to understand ion-polymer interactions.

Main Results:

  • Hyaluronic acid exhibited an unexpected regime of insensitivity to ionic strength when trivalent ions were present.
  • A model was proposed involving the formation of a tightly associated ion

Conclusions:

  • The formation of a stable ion