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Bacterial Detection & Identification Using Electrochemical Sensors

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A multiplexed, electrochemical interface for gene-circuit-based sensors.

Peivand Sadat Mousavi¹, Sarah J Smith^1,2, Jenise B Chen³

¹Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Nature Chemistry

|November 27, 2019

Summary

Synthetic biology advances with a new electrochemical interface for cell-free sensors. This system enables multiplexed reporting, overcoming limitations of optical methods for detecting multiple signals simultaneously.

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Area of Science:

Synthetic biology
Biosensors
Molecular engineering

Background:

Synthetic biology utilizes engineered gene networks for diverse biological functions.
Current gene-circuit sensors often rely on optical reporters (e.g., fluorescent proteins), limiting multiplexing capabilities.
A need exists for advanced reporting systems to expand signal detection in cell-free synthetic biology.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an electrochemical interface for cell-free gene-circuit-based sensors.
To enable expanded multiplexed reporting beyond optical methods.
To demonstrate the utility of the electrochemical interface for detecting multiple biological signals in parallel.

Main Methods:

Engineered a scalable system of reporter enzymes that cleave specific DNA sequences.
Developed a nanostructured microelectrode surface for capturing cleaved DNA strands.
Integrated the electrochemical interface with ligand-inducible gene circuits and toehold switch sensors.
Demonstrated parallel detection of multiple antibiotic resistance genes.

Main Results:

Successfully developed and characterized an electrochemical interface for cell-free synthetic biology.
Achieved multiplexed reporting by generating electrochemical signals from cleaved DNA sequences.
Demonstrated parallel detection of multiple antibiotic resistance genes using the developed system.
Validated the utility of the interface with both ligand-inducible and toehold switch gene circuits.

Conclusions:

The novel electrochemical interface significantly expands multiplexed reporting capabilities for cell-free gene-circuit sensors.
This technology overcomes limitations of traditional optical reporters, enabling simultaneous detection of multiple distinct signals.
The developed system offers a versatile interface for integrating synthetic biology with materials, hardware, and software, paving the way for advanced applications.