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Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
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Pattern of inappropriate antibiotic use among hospitalized patients in Pakistan: a longitudinal surveillance and

Zikria Saleem1,2, Hamid Saeed3, Mohamed Azmi Hassali1

  • 11School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Malaysia.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control
|November 27, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Inappropriate antibiotic use is high in Pakistani hospitals, with over two-thirds of patients receiving incorrect prescriptions. This study highlights the urgent need for better antimicrobial stewardship and guidelines in Pakistan.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Antibiotic resistance, morbidity, and mortality are exacerbated by inappropriate hospital antibiotic use.
  • Limited data exists on appropriate antibiotic prescribing practices in Pakistani hospitals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the appropriateness of antibiotic use in hospitals located in Lahore, Pakistan.
  • To identify specific patterns and types of inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions.

Main Methods:

  • A 2-month longitudinal surveillance study was conducted in Lahore hospitals.
  • Antibiotic prescriptions were evaluated against the British National Formulary for correct dosage and indication.

Main Results:

  • Over two-thirds (70.3%) of 2022 antibiotic prescriptions for 1185 patients were inappropriate.
  • Inappropriate therapy was common in respiratory tract infections (62.8%) and for broad-spectrum agents like cephalosporins (67.2%) and penicillins (71.0%).
  • High rates of inappropriate prescribing were also noted for carbapenems (70.9%), macrolides (74.6%), and fluoroquinolones (64.2%).

Conclusions:

  • Urgent development of educational interventions, institutional guidelines, and antimicrobial stewardship programs is crucial.
  • Healthcare and government policies are needed to curb inappropriate antibiotic use in Pakistan.
Keywords:
Antibiotics, hospitalsAppropriatenessPakistanPrescribing

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