Right Ventricular Failure: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Cardiovascular Physiology
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• The prognostic significance of the right ventricle (RV) is increasingly recognized in various cardiovascular conditions.
• Advances in imaging provide new insights into RV function and dysfunction.
• Right ventricle failure (RVF) management remains a clinical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current understanding of right ventricle (RV) prognostic significance.
• To discuss the role of advanced imaging in assessing RV pathophysiology.
• To outline optimal management strategies for RV failure.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent advancements in RV imaging and pathophysiology.
• Synthesis of current treatment approaches for RV failure.
• Discussion of anatomical and physiological considerations for RV management.

Main Results:

• The right ventricle's prognostic importance is established across diverse cardiac and pulmonary diseases.
• Advanced imaging techniques enhance the study of RV anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology.
• Effective RV failure management requires tailored strategies addressing its unique characteristics.

Conclusions:

• Optimal RV failure treatment necessitates consideration of RV-specific anatomy and physiology.
• Appropriate imaging is crucial for understanding RV pathophysiological mechanisms.
• Management strategies include volume optimization, perfusion support, contractility enhancement, and mechanical circulatory support for refractory cases.