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Isolation of Atrial Myocytes from Adult Mice
Published on: July 25, 2019
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Atrial Myopathy
Mark J Shen1,2, Rishi Arora1, José Jalife3,4
1Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
JACC. Basic to Translational Science
|November 27, 2019
Summary
Atrial myopathy, a condition affecting the atria, contributes to atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke. Understanding this link helps identify at-risk patients and refine anticoagulation strategies for stroke prevention.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Pathophysiology
Background:
- Atrial myopathy is an evolving concept explaining atrial dysfunction.
- It is intricately linked with atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke.
- Investigating factors beyond paroxysmal AF is crucial for understanding AF-related strokes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the development and effects of atrial myopathy.
- To review the relationship between atrial myopathy, AF, and stroke.
- To propose clinical applications for identifying atrial myopathy and guiding anticoagulation.
Main Methods:
- Review of animal models and human studies.
- Analysis of mechanisms linking atrial myopathy, AF, and stroke (aging, inflammation, oxidative stress, stretch).
- Examination of pathological changes: fibrosis, electrical and autonomic remodeling, pro-thrombotic state.
Main Results:
- A complex interplay exists between atrial myopathy, AF, and stroke.
- Mechanisms like aging and inflammation drive fibrosis and remodeling, creating a pro-thrombotic state.
- This forms a vicious cycle of worsening atrial myopathy and increased stroke risk.
Conclusions:
- Atrial myopathy plays a significant role in stroke risk, independent of AF episodes.
- Identifying patients with atrial myopathy is key.
- The concept of atrial myopathy can guide more selective anticoagulation in AF patients.
Keywords:
4D, 4 dimensionalAF, atrial fibrillationAPD, action potential durationCMR, cardiac magnetic resonanceCRP, C-reactive proteinCa2+, calciumCx, connexinGDF, growth differentiation factorIL, interleukinK+, potassiumLA, left atrialLAA, left atrial appendageNADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphateNOX2, catalytic, membrane-bound subunit of NADPH oxidaseNT-proBNP, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptideOAC, oral anticoagulantROS, reactive oxygen speciesTGF, transforming growth factorTNF, tumor necrosis factoratrial fibrillationatrial myopathyelectrophysiologythrombosisMore Related Videos
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