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Neurology of Nutritional Deficiencies.

Kristin L Miller1, Gabriela Trifan2, Fernando D Testai2

  • 1Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, 912 S Wood St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA. kmille25@uic.edu.

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
|November 28, 2019
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Summary

Prompt identification and treatment of neurologic manifestations from nutritional deficiencies are crucial for preventing permanent damage. This review educates clinicians on recognizing and managing these conditions in at-risk populations.

Keywords:
B vitamin deficiencyMalabsorption vitamin deficiencyNeurologic symptoms of vitamin deficienciesNutritional deficiencyVitamin deficiency

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Nutritional deficiencies have long been associated with neurological disorders.
  • While some deficiencies are rare, vulnerable populations remain at risk for neurological complications.
  • These at-risk groups include individuals with malabsorption, the elderly, chronic alcohol consumers, and pregnant women experiencing hyperemesis gravidarum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To educate clinicians on the neurologic manifestations of specific nutritional deficiencies.
  • To facilitate prompt identification and appropriate treatment of patients with these conditions.
  • To emphasize the importance of early intervention in preventing irreversible neurological damage.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature, including case reports and clinical reviews.
  • Synthesis of information on syndromes associated with nutritional deficiencies.
  • Focus on practical guidance for clinicians in diagnosis and management.

Main Results:

  • Recognition of various neurologic syndromes linked to vitamin and nutritional deficits.
  • Understanding that while randomized controlled studies are often lacking, case report reviews offer treatment guidance.
  • Identification of specific populations at higher risk.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt recognition and treatment of neurologic manifestations of nutritional deficiencies can prevent permanent damage.
  • Clinicians must be aware of these conditions, especially in vulnerable populations.
  • Management strategies are guided by case reviews and clinical expertise in the absence of extensive randomized trials.