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Related Experiment Video

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Recording Mouse Ultrasonic Vocalizations to Evaluate Social Communication
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Neural Stem Cells from Shank3-ko Mouse Model Autism Spectrum Disorders.

C Grasselli1, A Carbone2, P Panelli3

  • 1Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.

Molecular Neurobiology
|November 28, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Shank3 gene mutations in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) models cause neural stem cells (NSCs) to degenerate early. This suggests targeting glial cells may prevent neuronal damage in ASD patients.

Keywords:
AutismNeural stem cellsShank3Stem cell disease modeling

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental conditions linked to genetic factors, impacting social communication and behavior.
  • Early neuronal degeneration mechanisms in ASD remain unclear, hindering effective therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neurogenic potential of neural stem cells (NSCs) from an ASD animal model.
  • To determine if Shank3 gene mutations affect NSC properties and recapitulate early neurogenesis phases in ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and in vitro culture of NSCs from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of Shank3-deficient (Shank3-ko) and wild-type (wt) mice.
  • Assessment of NSC self-renewal, differentiation, glial cell pathology (endosomal/lysosomal and ubiquitin aggregation), mitochondrial function, and inflammasome activation.

Main Results:

  • Shank3-ko NSCs maintained self-renewal but exhibited accelerated differentiation compared to wt cells.
  • Glial cells in Shank3-ko models showed lysosomal/endosomal aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammasome activation.
  • In vitro findings align with in vivo data from ASD patients, suggesting Shank3 deficiency impacts later neurogenesis or cell survival.

Conclusions:

  • Shank3-ko NSCs provide a valid in vitro model for studying ASD neurogenesis.
  • Glial cell degeneration appears to contribute significantly to neuronal damage in ASD.
  • Therapeutic strategies targeting glial cell rescue may prevent neuronal degeneration in ASD.