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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
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Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

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The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and...
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IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration

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A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
According to Hooke's law, the vibrational frequency is directly proportional to...
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IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

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When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...
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UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions

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In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this...
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UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Woodward–Fieser Rules01:29

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Woodward–Fieser Rules

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UV–Visible absorption spectra of conjugated dienes arise from the lowest energy Ï€ → Ï€* transitions. The light-absorbing part of the molecule is called the chromophore, and the substituents directly attached to the chromophore are called auxochromes. A strong correlation exists between the absorption maxima, λmax, and the structure of a conjugated Ï€ system. The Woodward–Fieser rules predict the value of λmax for a given structure by adding the...
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Rejection of Fluorescence Background in Resonance and Spontaneous Raman Microspectroscopy
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An Optical Model for Quantitative Raman Microspectroscopy.

Joseph Razzell Hollis1, David Rheingold1, Rohit Bhartia1

  • 1Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA.

Applied Spectroscopy
|November 29, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents an optical model to predict Raman spectroscopy intensity. The model accounts for laser beam, sample, and instrument parameters, enabling accurate compound quantification and detection limit prediction.

Keywords:
Mars 2020Raman spectroscopydetection limitsoptical modelingorganic compound detectionquantitative Raman

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Optics

Background:

  • Raman spectroscopy identifies compounds via molecular vibrations.
  • Quantifying concentrations requires knowledge of sample and instrument parameters.
  • Accurate prediction of Raman intensity is crucial for quantitative analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Develop an optical model to predict Raman intensity.
  • Determine the detectable sample volume and account for light absorption.
  • Explain experimentally observed trends in deep ultraviolet Raman intensities.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an optical model for laser photon intensity distribution.
  • Incorporated laser beam characteristics, focal plane, and spectrometer slit dimensions.
  • Validated the model with planar and volumetric samples, including graphite and nucleotide mixtures.

Main Results:

  • The model accurately predicts Raman intensities by considering optical and absorption effects.
  • Key parameters influencing intensity include laser beam properties and spectrometer geometry.
  • Demonstrated the model's ability to predict detection limits for organic compounds.

Conclusions:

  • The developed optical model enhances quantitative analysis in Raman spectroscopy.
  • It provides a framework for predicting detection limits and reliable concentration ranges.
  • The model has potential applications for complex samples, including extraterrestrial analysis (e.g., SHERLOC on Mars 2020).