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The peripheral blood inflammatory patterns in the control levels of asthma in children
Orhan Coşkun1, Nazli Ercan2, Ilknur Bostanci3
1Department of Child Health and Diseases, Health Sciences University, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Insights
Eosinophil percentage in children can indicate asthma control levels. This study suggests it may serve as a useful marker for monitoring pediatric asthma management.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Clinical Immunology
- Laboratory Medicine
Background:
- Asthma is a prevalent chronic inflammatory childhood disease.
- Current diagnostic and follow-up methods for pediatric asthma lack easily accessible laboratory tests.
- There is a need for reliable inflammatory markers to assess asthma control in children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the utility of white blood cell (WBC) count, platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), and eosinophil percentage as inflammatory markers.
- To evaluate the role of these markers in assessing asthma control and guiding follow-up in pediatric patients.
- To identify accessible laboratory tests for routine use in pediatric asthma management.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 3,580 pediatric asthma patient records from Turkey.
- Patients categorized into controlled and uncontrolled asthma groups based on established criteria.
- Comparison of laboratory data, including eosinophil percentage, between asthma control groups, considering atopy and medication status.
Main Results:
- A total of 348 pediatric patients (4-18 years) were included in the final analysis.
- Significantly higher eosinophil percentages were observed in the uncontrolled asthma group compared to the controlled group (p=0.003).
- Logistic regression analysis confirmed eosinophil percentage as a significant predictor of asthma control status (OR=1.276).
Conclusions:
- Eosinophil percentage emerges as a potential indicator for monitoring asthma control in children.
- This finding suggests eosinophil percentage could be a valuable, accessible laboratory parameter for pediatric asthma management.
- Further prospective studies are recommended to validate these findings and solidify its role in clinical practice.
Objective:
Asthma is the most common chronic inflammatory disease of childhood, but there are no useful and easily accessible laboratory tests routinely used in the diagnosis and follow-up of this disease in children. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the roles of white blood cell (WBC) count, platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), and eosinophil percentage as full blood count inflammatory markers in evaluating the control level and follow-up of asthma in the pediatric age group.
Methods:
A retrospective review of patient records and files of 3,580 patients diagnosed with asthma at the University of Health Sciences in Ankara, Turkey was performed. Patients who met inclusion/exclusion criteria were divided into two groups based on the asthma control level: controlled and uncontrolled. Laboratory data were compared according to the asthma control levels, drug use status, and atopy status of the patients.
Results:
A total of 348 patients between 4 and 18 years of age, who were followed-up with the diagnosis of asthma, were included in this study. A significant difference was found between the controlled and uncontrolled groups of asthma patients in terms of the eosinophil percentage (mean ± SD, respectively; 3.493 ± 2.24; 4.992 ± 3.43; p = .003). When patients were grouped according to their asthma control levels and atopy status, only the eosinophil percentages were different in the logistic regression analysis (odds ratio = 1.276, 95% confidence interval = 1.113-1.462).
Conclusion:
Our study showed that the percentage of eosinophils can be used as an asthma control parameter, but additional prospective studies would be desirable to confirm our results.
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