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Depression Related Pathophysiologies Relevant in Heart Disease: Insights into the Mechanism Based on Pharmacological

Treesa P Varghese1, Anand V Kumar2, Nila M Varghese3

  • 1Department of Pharmacy Practice, NGSMIPS, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, Karnataka 575018, India.

Current Cardiology Reviews
|November 29, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Depression frequently affects cardiac patients, impacting quality of life. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) effectively treat depression in cardiac patients with minimal cardiovascular side effects.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Psychiatry
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Depressive symptoms are common in cardiac disease patients, reducing quality of life and increasing societal costs.
  • The link between cardiac diseases and depression involves psychosocial factors (e.g., smoking, inactivity) and pathophysiological mechanisms (e.g., inflammation, HPA axis hyperactivity).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiological and psychosocial links between cardiac diseases and depression.
  • To discuss treatment options for depression in cardiac patients.
  • To emphasize the need for routine screening of depressive symptoms in cardiac settings.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing literature.
  • It examines mechanisms linking cardiac disease and depression.
  • It evaluates treatment efficacy, particularly for SSRIs.

Main Results:

  • Both psychosocial and pathophysiological mechanisms contribute to comorbid depression in cardiac patients.
  • Pharmacological and therapeutic interventions are effective for depression in this population.
  • SSRIs show efficacy with minimal cardiovascular side effects, potentially by reducing inflammation and endothelial dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the links between cardiac disease and depression is crucial for patient care.
  • Routine screening for depression in cardiac patients is important.
  • SSRIs represent a viable treatment option for managing depression in cardiac patients.

Keywords:
Depressioncardiac diseasesendothelial dysfunctionhypothalamic pituitary adrenal axisinflammatory processplatelet activation.

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