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A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
Published on: February 2, 2021
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Acute kidney injury
Claudio Ronco1, Rinaldo Bellomo2, John A Kellum3
1Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy; Department of Nephrology, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy.
Lancet (London, England)
|November 29, 2019
Summary
Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects 10-15% of hospitalized patients and over 50% in intensive care. New biomarkers and interventions show promise for managing this complex condition.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by a rapid decline in kidney function, affecting a significant portion of hospitalized and critically ill patients.
- AKI can progress to chronic kidney disease, highlighting the need for early detection and management.
- The heterogeneity of AKI, encompassing diverse syndromes like sepsis and cardiorenal syndrome, complicates diagnosis and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of acute kidney injury (AKI), including its definition, incidence, and clinical implications.
- To discuss the role of emerging biomarkers in assessing kidney injury and guiding therapeutic strategies.
- To review current approaches to AKI management, considering clinical context and resource availability.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies and clinical guidelines on acute kidney injury.
- Analysis of the incidence and prevalence of AKI in different patient populations.
- Evaluation of the diagnostic and prognostic value of novel kidney injury biomarkers.
- Synthesis of evidence regarding the effectiveness of various AKI interventions.
Main Results:
- AKI incidence is substantial, particularly in intensive care units (ICU) where it exceeds 50%.
- Biomarkers offer potential for improved risk stratification and personalized therapy in AKI.
- Despite treatment controversies, growing evidence supports the combined use of certain interventions.
Conclusions:
- AKI is a complex syndrome with significant morbidity and mortality, requiring tailored management strategies.
- Biomarkers are crucial for early detection and risk assessment, potentially guiding therapy.
- While treatment effectiveness varies, combined interventions show increasing evidence of benefit in AKI management.
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