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Impact of Fabrication Techniques and Polishing Procedures on Surface Roughness of Denture Base Resins
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Reduction in maxillary complete denture deformation using framework material made by computer-aided design and

Tamaki Hada1, Tetsuya Suzuki2, Shunsuke Minakuchi1

  • 1Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
|November 29, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Dental CAD/CAM frameworks reduce complete denture deformation. Materials like nano-zirconia and cobalt-chromium-molybdenum showed significant reductions compared to traditional polymethyl-methacrylate, indicating effectiveness in improving denture stability.

Keywords:
CAD/CAMComplete denture deformationFrameworkMaximum principal strainStrain gauge

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Complete dentures are prone to deformation under occlusal loads, affecting function and patient comfort.
  • Traditional denture fabrication methods may not fully optimize framework strength and stability.
  • Advancements in CAD/CAM technology offer new possibilities for fabricating stronger and more resilient denture frameworks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of various CAD/CAM-manufactured framework materials on the deformation of complete dentures.
  • To compare the mechanical performance of fiber-reinforced composite (FRC), nano-zirconia (N-Zr), cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy (CCM), and polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) frameworks against a polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) control.
  • To quantify denture deformation under occlusal loading using strain gauges.

Main Methods:

  • Maxillary complete denture frameworks were fabricated using CAD/CAM systems with FRC, N-Zr, CCM, and PEEK materials.
  • Control dentures were fabricated with PMMA, with specific palatal thickness variations for different materials (0.5 mm for FRC, N-Zr, CCM; 1.0 mm for PMMA, PEEK).
  • Rosette strain gauges were used to measure maximum principal strain (MPS) on the denture midline under incremental occlusal loads up to 200 N.

Main Results:

  • Maximum principal strain generally increased proportionally with applied load, predominantly perpendicular to the denture midline.
  • N-Zr and CCM frameworks exhibited approximately half the MPS at the incisive papilla compared to PMMA under a 200-N load.
  • FRC, N-Zr, and CCM frameworks showed significantly smaller MPS at the denture's endpoint compared to PMMA.
  • Overall, CAD/CAM fabricated frameworks led to decreased complete denture deformation compared to the PMMA control.

Conclusions:

  • CAD/CAM fabricated framework materials are effective in reducing complete denture deformation.
  • The degree of deformation reduction varies depending on the specific framework material used.
  • The findings suggest that utilizing CAD/CAM technology with advanced materials can enhance the mechanical stability and performance of complete dentures.