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IVC filter removal after extended implantation periods
Arash Jaberi1, Mary Jiayi Tao2, Naomi Eisenberg3
1Division of Interventional Radiology, University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital, Canada.
Summary
Retrievable inferior vena cava (IVC) filters can cause serious complications. This study found that unretrieved filters can be safely removed using advanced techniques, highlighting the importance of awareness and adherence to guidelines.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Interventional Radiology
- Medical Device Safety
Background:
- Retrievable inferior vena cava (IVC) filters are associated with life-threatening complications.
- Regulatory agencies recommend assessing patients with chronic IVC filters for removal.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify patients with unretrieved chronic IVC filters.
- To document complications associated with these filters.
- To evaluate removal techniques and outcomes.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of patients with IVC filters implanted between 2001 and 2013 was identified.
- Patients underwent clinical review and CT imaging to assess for complications.
- Filter retrieval was offered and data on demographics, complications, and retrieval were collected.
Main Results:
- 36 patients attended review, with complications including IVC occlusion (5.8%), filter fracture (11.7%), and filter penetration (100%).
- Filter retrieval was successful in 93% of attempted cases (14/15) after a mean of 3846.9 days.
- Advanced techniques were used in 10 cases with no reported mortalities or morbidities.
Conclusions:
- Retrievable IVC filters are not benign and require careful management.
- Unretrieved filters can be successfully removed using standard and advanced methods.
- Practitioners must be aware of regulatory guidelines regarding IVC filter retrieval.
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