Raman spectroscopy-multivariate analysis related to morphological surface features on nanomaterials applied for...

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials science
• Dental materials science
• Surface chemistry

Background:

• Dentin erosion and abrasion pose significant challenges to dental health.
• Developing effective protective coatings for dentin is crucial for preventing further damage.
• Carbon-based nanomaterials and hydroxyapatite show potential in dental applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the efficacy of novel coating materials, including a multi-walled carbon nanotube/graphene oxide hybrid (MWCNTO-GO) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp), with and without acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) treatment, in protecting dentin against erosion-abrasion.
• To evaluate the interaction of these biomaterials with dentin's inorganic and organic components.
• To assess the formation and durability of protective layers on dentin surfaces.

Main Methods:

• Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to analyze dentin fragments.
• Seventy bovine dentin fragments were treated with various coatings (nHAp, MWCNTO-GO, nHAp/MWCNTO-GO) and APF.
• Samples underwent simulated erosion-abrasion cycles involving demineralization (orange juice), remineralization (saliva), and mechanical brushing.

Main Results:

• APF treatment enhanced the affinity of nHAp and MWCNTO-GO to dentin's inorganic and organic portions, respectively, forming a protective layer.
• SEM confirmed the formation of protective layers, though some were removed by erosion-abrasion.
• Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis effectively differentiated treatment efficacies.
• The APF_nHAP/MWCNT-GO composite demonstrated strong binding to both dentin components and reduced solubility.

Conclusions:

• The combined APF_nHAP/MWCNT-GO composite shows significant promise as a protective coating for dentin.
• This material offers dual binding to inorganic and organic dentin components, enhancing its protective capabilities.
• The study highlights the potential of advanced nanomaterials in dental restorative and protective applications.