Genome-wide association studies in schizophrenia: Recent advances, challenges and future perspective

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have proved to be a powerful approach for gene discovery in schizophrenia; their findings have important implications not just for our understanding of the genetic architecture of the disorder, but for the potential applications of personalised medicine through improved classification and targeted interventions. In this article we review the current status of the GWAS literature in schizophrenia including functional annotation methods and polygenic risk scoring, as well as the directions and challenges of future research. We consider recent findings in East Asian populations and the advancements from trans-ancestry analysis, as well as the insights gained from research looking across psychiatric disorders.