Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 2, 2026

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
11:22

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

31.0K

The Involvement of HLA Class II Alleles in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

A De Silvestri1, C Capittini1,2, G Mallucci3

  • 1Clinical Epidemiology and Biometric Unit, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy.

Disease Markers
|November 30, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genes, specifically DRB1 and DQB1 alleles, are significantly associated with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) susceptibility and protection across diverse ethnic groups. The DQB1*06:02 allele is a key risk factor, implicated in MS-like disease development in mice.

Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Neuroimmunology
  • Human Genetics

Background:

  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a CNS demyelinating disease with unpredictable progression.
  • Genetic factors, particularly Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) alleles, confer the highest risk for MS.
  • Ethnic variability in HLA alleles necessitates a global analysis of their association with MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze existing literature on the association between MS and HLA class II genes across all ethnicities.
  • To summarize the transethnic risk and protective roles of specific HLA class II alleles in MS susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of meta-analyses and systematic reviews concerning MS and HLA associations.
  • Inclusion of 5 articles with data from 15,232 MS patients and 24,194 ethnically matched controls.
  • Analysis of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class II gene variants, including DRB1 and DQB1 alleles.

Main Results:

  • DRB1*15 and DQB1*06:02 alleles significantly increase MS risk across various ethnic groups (e.g., Caucasians, Chinese, South Americans).
  • DRB1*01, DRB1*09, DRB1*11, DRB1*12, and DRB1*16 alleles demonstrate a protective effect against MS.
  • The DQB1*06:02 risk allele is implicated in MS-like disease in humanized mice, mediated by autoimmune responses to myelin peptides.

Conclusions:

  • Both DQB1 and DRB1 gene variants play crucial, and potentially equal, roles in MS susceptibility and protection globally.
  • Understanding HLA class II associations provides insights into MS pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.
  • The specific amino acid residues within HLA molecules influence peptide binding and autoimmune responses in MS.

More Related Videos

Immunopeptidomics: Isolation of Mouse and Human MHC Class I- and II-Associated Peptides for Mass Spectrometry Analysis09:32

Immunopeptidomics: Isolation of Mouse and Human MHC Class I- and II-Associated Peptides for Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Published on: October 15, 2021

14.7K
Author Spotlight: Creating a Versatile Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model Relevant for Both Male and Female Mice05:44

Author Spotlight: Creating a Versatile Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model Relevant for Both Male and Female Mice

Published on: October 13, 2023

2.1K

Related Concept Videos

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
15.2K
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
2.0K
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
1.2K