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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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Cyclohexane does not exist in a planar form due to the high angle and torsional strain it would experience in the planar structure. Instead, it adopts non-planar chair and boat conformations.
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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Adolf von Baeyer attempted to explain the instabilities of small and large cycloalkane rings using the concept of angle strain — the strain caused by the deviation of bond angles from the ideal 109.5° tetrahedral value for sp3  hybridized carbons. However, while cyclopropane and cyclobutane are strained, as expected from their highly compressed bond angles, cyclopentane is more strained than predicted, and cyclohexane is virtually strain-free. Hence, Baeyer’s theory that...
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Synthesis of Monodisperse Cylindrical Nanoparticles via Crystallization-driven Self-assembly of Biodegradable Block Copolymers
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Tunable helical structures formed by ABC triblock copolymers under cylindrical confinement.

Meijiao Liu1, Ka Chen, Weihua Li

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China. mjliu@zstu.edu.cn.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|November 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Linear ABC triblock copolymers in nanopores form diverse helical structures. This research offers a new method for creating complex helical superstructures by controlling block copolymer composition and confinement effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Block copolymers confined in nanopores form helical structures.
  • Previous studies focused on AB diblock copolymers, yielding single and double helices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore novel helical structures using linear ABC triblock copolymers.
  • To investigate the influence of confinement and copolymer composition on helical superstructure formation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized self-consistent field theory (SCFT) simulations.
  • Investigated ABC triblock copolymers within cylindrical nanopores.
  • Systematically varied block copolymer composition and interaction parameters.

Main Results:

  • Predicted and observed helical structures with 1 to 5 strands.
  • Demonstrated that increasing the C-block fraction decreases the number of helical strands.
  • Observed an inverse relationship between helical strand number and C-block fraction within confinement, contrasting bulk behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Linear ABC triblock copolymers enable the facile fabrication of diverse helical superstructures in nanopores.
  • Cylindrical confinement significantly influences helical structure formation, altering trends seen in bulk systems.
  • This work provides a pathway to engineer complex nanoscale helical architectures.