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Determination of Mitochondrial Respiration and Glycolysis in Ex Vivo Retinal Tissue Samples
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Mitochondrial disorders and the eye.

Eli Kisilevsky1, Paul Freund1, Edward Margolin1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Survey of Ophthalmology
|November 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mitochondrial dysfunction causes various disorders affecting the visual pathway. This review details mitochondrial diseases impacting ophthalmology, aiding diagnosis and management.

Keywords:
EyeKearns Sayre SyndromeLeber hereditary optic neuropathyMELASchronic progressive external ophthalmoplegiadominant optic atrophymitochondria

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Mitochondria are vital for cellular energy production through oxidative phosphorylation.
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to diverse inherited disorders with varied clinical presentations.
  • Metabolically demanding tissues, including the visual system, are particularly susceptible.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review mitochondrial metabolism disorders relevant to ophthalmologists.
  • To highlight the impact of these disorders on the entire visual pathway.
  • To provide current diagnostic and management strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of mitochondrial structure and function.
  • Detailed examination of specific mitochondrial disorders affecting vision.
  • Compilation of diagnostic approaches and treatment guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondrial disorders can affect the crystalline lens, extraocular muscles, retina, and optic nerve.
  • Understanding the pathophysiology is crucial for bridging the gap between symptoms and underlying causes.
  • Current management guidelines are presented for each disorder.

Conclusions:

  • Mitochondrial diseases represent a significant challenge in ophthalmology due to their complexity.
  • Comprehensive knowledge of mitochondrial disorders is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective patient care.
  • This review serves as a resource for ophthalmologists managing patients with visual impairments due to mitochondrial dysfunction.