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Meningitis gone viral: description of the echovirus wave 2013 in Germany

Jonas Graf1, Christian J Hartmann2,3, Helmar C Lehmann4

  • 1Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Medical Faculty Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.

BMC Infectious Diseases
|December 1, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Enterovirus (EV)-positive meningitis primarily impacts younger individuals and often has a milder outcome. EV-negative meningitis cases require longer hospital stays, highlighting different clinical challenges.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Aseptic meningitis outbreaks present significant healthcare challenges.
  • Enterovirus (EV) meningitis is a notable cause of aseptic meningitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate clinical differences between enterovirus (EV)-positive and EV-negative aseptic meningitis cases.
  • To evaluate the utility of voluntary syndromic surveillance for epidemiological research.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter retrospective analysis of aseptic meningitis cases in Germany from January 1 to December 31, 2013.
  • Utilized data from the National Enterovirus surveillance (EVSurv) system.
  • Compared clinical characteristics, hospitalization duration, and outcomes between EV-positive and EV-negative groups.

Main Results:

  • Identified 72 enterovirus (EV)-positive meningitis cases (5.8% of reported cases) and 45 EV-negative cases.
  • EV-positive meningitis predominantly affected younger patients (median age 18.5 years), with echovirus 30 being the most common strain.
  • EV-negative cases had significantly longer hospitalizations; EV-meningitis caused substantial sick leave in pediatric patients' families.

Conclusions:

  • Voluntary syndromic surveillance systems like EVSurv are valuable for epidemiological research.
  • EV-positive meningitis typically presents with a benign clinical course, particularly in younger patients, contrasting with EV-negative cases.
Keywords:
EchovirusEpidemicMeningitisSurveillance

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