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Published on: December 16, 2022
Slowed Information Processing Speed at Four Years Poststroke: Evidence and Predictors from a Population-Based
Susan Mahon1, Josh Faulkner2, Suzanne Barker-Collo3
1National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Studies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand; School of Public Health and Psychosocial Studies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
Slowed information processing speed (IPS) persists in over half of stroke survivors 4 years post-stroke. Vascular risk factors like high cholesterol and hypertension predict long-term IPS deficits, highlighting the need for early intervention.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Slowed Information Processing Speed (IPS) is a common cognitive deficit after stroke, impacting 50-70% of survivors.
- IPS significantly affects quality of life and independence post-stroke.
- Limited research exists on predictors and long-term prevalence of slow IPS.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify baseline predictors of long-term slow IPS in a population-based stroke cohort.
- To determine the prevalence of impaired IPS 4 years after stroke onset.
Main Methods:
- 133 stroke survivors completed the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) at 4 years post-stroke.
- Baseline predictors were assessed within 2 weeks of the stroke event.
- Multivariate regression models identified significant predictors of impaired IPS.
Main Results:
- 51% of stroke survivors exhibited impaired IPS (SDMT score -1.0 to -2.5 SD) at 4 years.
- Significant baseline predictors included older age (>75), previous stroke, high cholesterol, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and arrhythmia.
- Older age (OR 3.03), previous stroke (OR 2.74), high cholesterol (OR 2.72), hypertension (OR 1.82), coronary artery disease (OR 3.35), and arrhythmia (OR 4.40) were associated with slow IPS.
Conclusions:
- Slowed IPS remains highly prevalent 4 years after stroke.
- Comorbid vascular risk factors are significant contributors to persistent IPS deficits.
- Early identification of high-risk individuals is crucial for timely cognitive rehabilitation and improved outcomes.
