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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Dengue vaccine development: status and future.

Annelies Wilder-Smith1,2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The first dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) is effective in individuals previously infected with dengue. However, it increases severe dengue risk in those never infected, prompting WHO recommendations for seropositive use only.

Keywords:
Antibody-dependent enhancementCYD-TDVLive attenuated chimeric dengue vaccineSevere dengueTravelers

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Area of Science:

  • * Arbovirology and Vaccine Development
  • * Infectious Diseases Epidemiology

Background:

  • * Dengue fever is a significant global health concern, particularly for travelers.
  • * The first dengue vaccine, CYD-TDV, was licensed in 2015.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To evaluate the performance and safety of the first licensed dengue vaccine, CYD-TDV.
  • * To address the limitations of CYD-TDV, especially in seronegative individuals and travelers.

Main Methods:

  • * Analysis of vaccine performance based on dengue serostatus.
  • * Review of World Health Organization recommendations and ongoing vaccine development.

Main Results:

  • * CYD-TDV shows high efficacy and safety in dengue-seropositive individuals.
  • * In dengue-seronegative individuals, CYD-TDV increases the risk of severe dengue upon natural infection.
  • * The vaccine's dosing schedule and serostatus dependency pose challenges for travelers.

Conclusions:

  • * The current dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) is recommended only for seropositive individuals.
  • * Development of rapid diagnostic tests for prevaccination screening is crucial.
  • * Second-generation dengue vaccines are in development, but further trial data are needed.