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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 2, 2026

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Performance differences between aphasia and healthy aging on an executive function test battery.

Bijoyaa Mohapatra1, Rebecca Shisler Marshall2

  • 1Department of Communication Disorders, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA.

International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology
|December 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People with aphasia (PWA) exhibit executive function (EF) deficits across multiple tasks, particularly those requiring higher cognitive complexity. Aphasia severity correlates with reduced EF performance, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.

Keywords:
agingaphasiadual task processingexecutive functionsset-switching

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Speech and Language Pathology

Background:

  • Executive function (EF) deficits are frequently observed alongside language impairments in individuals with aphasia (PWA).
  • The extent and nature of executive function deficits in PWA remain under-investigated.
  • Understanding these deficits is crucial for comprehending broader cognitive impairments and for effective treatment planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate executive function performance in people with aphasia (PWA) compared to healthy young and older adults.
  • To assess specific executive functions including set-switching, updating, inhibition, and dual-task processing.
  • To explore the relationship between aphasia severity and executive function performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Colour Trails Test (CTT 1 & 2), Conners' Continuous Performance Test II (CPT II), n-back tasks (1- & 2-back), and a divided attention task.
  • Compared performance across three groups: young healthy adults, older healthy adults, and PWA.
  • Employed repeated measures, multivariate analysis of variances, and Pearson correlations to analyze data and relationships.

Main Results:

  • PWA showed significantly impaired performance on all executive function tasks compared to healthy controls.
  • Deficits were more pronounced on complex tasks like the 2-back and CTT 2.
  • Older adults exhibited slower response times and reduced sensitivity on certain tasks compared to younger adults.
  • Aphasia severity was correlated with poorer performance on specific executive function measures.

Conclusions:

  • Executive function deficits are prevalent in PWA and impact various cognitive domains.
  • Higher-level executive functions appear particularly vulnerable in individuals with aphasia.
  • Investigating executive functions is vital for a comprehensive understanding of aphasia and for developing tailored rehabilitation strategies.