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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Skin Cancer01:30

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Fungal Phylum Microsporidia01:28

Fungal Phylum Microsporidia

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Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
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Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

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The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
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Fungal Group Zygomycota01:29

Fungal Group Zygomycota

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Zygomycota, previously classified as a distinct fungal group, are primarily terrestrial, saprophytic molds that play a crucial role as decomposers. Recent phylogenetic studies have revealed that these fungi are now divided into two major clades — Mucoromycota, which includes many symbiotic species, and Zoopagomycota, which primarily consists of parasitic and pathogenic fungi. These groups exhibit distinct ecological roles and reproductive strategies while sharing key structural and...
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Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

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Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
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Deep Dermal Injection As a Model of Candida albicans Skin Infection for Histological Analyses
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Cutaneous Cryptococcosis

Hiromitsu Noguchi1,2, Tadahiko Matsumoto1,2, Utako Kimura2,3

  • 1Noguchi Dermatology Clinic.

Medical Mycology Journal
|December 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Localized cutaneous cryptococcosis, a rare fungal infection, affects both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. This review details its classification, diagnosis, and treatment, emphasizing its importance in dermatology.

Keywords:
Cryptococcus neoformanscutaneous manifestation of disseminated cryptococcosislocalized cutaneouscryptococcosisprimary cutaneous cryptococcosissecondary cutaneous cryptococcosis

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Cutaneous cryptococcosis classification varies, but clinical relevance focuses on localized vs. disseminated disease.
  • The Japanese Society for Medical Mycology guidelines prioritize localized skin lesions over infection route.
  • Localized cutaneous cryptococcosis is rare, particularly in Japan, and not exclusively seen in HIV-infected individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the classification, diagnosis, and treatment of cutaneous cryptococcosis.
  • To summarize reported cases of cutaneous cryptococcosis in Japan.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the classification of cutaneous cryptococcosis.
  • Analysis of 65 reported cases in Japan from 1968 to 2018.
  • Categorization of patients into immunocompromised (68%) and immunocompetent (32%) groups.

Main Results:

  • Localized cutaneous cryptococcosis is uncommon in Japan, with only 65 cases reported over 50 years.
  • The majority of patients (68%) were immunocompromised, but a significant portion (32%) were immunocompetent.
  • No cases involved human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.

Conclusions:

  • Localized cutaneous cryptococcosis is an important consideration in routine dermatology, even in non-HIV patients.
  • The study highlights the need for awareness and proper management of this fungal infection.
  • Further research and case reporting are crucial for understanding the epidemiology and treatment of cutaneous cryptococcosis.