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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Electrodynamics (QED)
  • Quantum Optics
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Understanding light-matter interactions is crucial in various scientific fields.
  • Existing theories often struggle to fully capture the complex interplay between quantized light and matter.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a comprehensive linear-response theory for nonrelativistic quantum electrodynamics in the long-wavelength limit.
  • To establish a practical framework for solving these equations using quantum-electrodynamical density-functional theory.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of full linear-response theory for nonrelativistic QED.
  • Application of quantum-electrodynamical density-functional theory.
  • Extension of the random-phase approximation for coupled matter-photon systems.
  • Ab initio calculation of spectra for molecular systems coupled to quantized fields.

Main Results:

  • Introduced cross-correlated light-matter response functions, modifying standard response functions.
  • Demonstrated measurable changes in Maxwell's equations due to quantum-matter-mediated photon-photon interactions.
  • Showcased direct, first-principles access to excitation lifetimes and nonperturbative treatment of electronic structure changes.
  • Accounted for self-consistent back-reaction between matter and the photon vacuum.

Conclusions:

  • The framework offers a paradigm shift, viewing excited states as modifications of the photon field.
  • Experimental effects arise from the intricate interplay of light and matter.
  • Provides a pathway for analyzing and proposing experiments at the intersection of quantum chemistry, nanoplasmonics, and quantum optics.