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Related Concept Videos

Dialysis01:15

Dialysis

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Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...
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Filtration and Urine Formation01:32

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The function of the kidneys is to filter, reabsorb, secrete, and excrete. Every day the kidneys filter nearly 180 liters of blood, initially removing water and solutes but ultimately returning nearly all filtrates into circulation with the help of osmoregulatory hormones. This process removes wastes and toxins but is also crucial to maintain water and electrolyte levels. Most of these functions are performed by the tiny but numerous nephrons contained within the kidneys.
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Peritoneal Dialysis I: Introduction and Procedure01:30

Peritoneal Dialysis I: Introduction and Procedure

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Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a procedure that facilitates the exchange of solutes, waste products, electrolytes, and excess fluid between the blood in the peritoneal capillaries and a dialysis solution introduced into the peritoneal cavity.Principles of Peritoneal Dialysis (PD)Diffusion: Waste products such as urea and electrolytes move from high concentrations in the blood to low concentrations in the dialysate across the peritoneal membrane. This mechanism is driven by the concentration...
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Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications01:24

Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications

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DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...
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Glomerular Filtration01:15

Glomerular Filtration

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The filtration membrane in the renal system is a highly specialized structure essential for filtering blood. It consists of glomerular capillaries and podocytes, forming a selective barrier that permits the passage of water and small solutes while restricting most plasma proteins and blood cells.
Components of the Filtration Membrane
The filtration process involves three key layers: the glomerular endothelial cells, the basement membrane, and the podocyte-formed filtration slits.
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Three-Dimensionally Printed Microfluidic Cross-flow System for Ultrafiltration/Nanofiltration Membrane Performance Testing
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Continuous ultrafiltration/diafiltration using a 3D-printed two membrane single pass module.

Ruijie Tan1, Matthias Franzreb1

  • 1Bioengineering and Biosystem, Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.

Biotechnology and Bioengineering
|December 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel 3D printed module enables continuous ultrafiltration/diafiltration (UF/DF), simultaneously concentrating biomolecules and reducing salt buffer. This single-pass system offers an economical solution for small-scale UF/DF applications.

Keywords:
3D-printingSPDFSPTFFUFDFcontinuous

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Traditional ultrafiltration/diafiltration (UF/DF) often requires multiple steps and units.
  • Existing single-pass UF concepts have limitations in simultaneous concentration and buffer exchange.
  • There is a need for integrated, efficient systems for biomolecule processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and present a 3D printed module for continuous, simultaneous ultrafiltration and diafiltration.
  • To demonstrate the module's capability for concentrating biomolecules and reducing salt buffer in a single pass.
  • To evaluate the module's performance and economic potential for small-scale applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a 3D printed module incorporating two membranes for UF/DF.
  • Utilizing a single-pass system allowing simultaneous concentration and buffer exchange.
  • Testing the module with a dissolved protein to assess concentration factor and salt reduction.

Main Results:

  • Achieved continuous protein concentration up to a factor of 4.6.
  • Reduced salt concentration to 47% of the initial concentration.
  • Demonstrated effective UF/DF in a compact, 5 cm flow path module, despite concentration polarization effects at higher factors.

Conclusions:

  • The 3D printed UF/DF module offers a continuous, single-pass solution for simultaneous biomolecule concentration and buffer exchange.
  • The integrated design presents potential economic benefits for small-scale bioprocessing.
  • Further optimization may mitigate concentration polarization for enhanced performance.