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Approaches for encephalic drug delivery using nanomaterials: The current status
Anoop V1, Linda Ilene Cutinho1, Paladugu Mourya1
1NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nitte Deemed to be University, Paneer, Deralakkatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India.
Brain Research Bulletin
|December 3, 2019
Summary
Nanotechnology offers a breakthrough for targeted drug delivery, especially for brain diseases by overcoming the blood brain barrier (BBB). Nanoparticles enhance drug efficacy and overcome challenges like poor bioavailability and toxicity.
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology
- Materials Science
- Pharmaceutical Sciences
Background:
- The blood brain barrier (BBB) restricts therapeutic agent entry into the brain.
- Nanoparticles offer advantages like high permeability and surface area for drug delivery.
- Natural nanomaterials inspire pharmaceutical nanoparticle applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore nanotechnology's role in targeted drug delivery for brain diseases.
- To discuss various nanoparticle types and their pharmaceutical applications.
- To explain mechanisms of nanoparticles crossing the blood brain barrier.
Main Methods:
- Review of different pharmaceutical approaches for brain drug delivery.
- Discussion of various nanoparticle types (polymer, metallic, carbon, lipid, ceramic, semiconductor).
- Explanation of nanoparticle transport mechanisms across the BBB (passive and active transport).
Main Results:
- Nanoparticles can overcome BBB resistance for targeted drug delivery.
- Nanoparticle properties (shape, size, surface area) improve bioavailability and drug retention.
- Various nanoparticle types show promise for treating brain diseases like gliomas, Parkinson's, and epilepsy.
Conclusions:
- Nanotechnology is a promising strategy for treating brain diseases.
- Nanoparticles enhance drug delivery efficiency and overcome biological barriers.
- Further research into nanoparticle design and BBB transport is crucial for therapeutic advancements.
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