Anti-inflammatory kavalactones from Alpinia zerumbet
Yuto Nishidono1, Ryo Okada2, Yuuna Iwama1
1College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
Fitoterapia
|December 3, 2019
Summary
Alpinia zerumbet pericarps are rich in kavalactone derivatives, including a new compound. These pericarps exhibit potent anti-inflammatory activity, highlighting their potential as a valuable medicinal resource.
Area of Science:
- Phytochemistry
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Alpinia zerumbet (Zingiberaceae) is a plant with traditional medicinal uses in China.
- Its chemical constituents and anti-inflammatory properties have not been fully elucidated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare chemical constituents in different parts of Alpinia zerumbet.
- To identify compounds responsible for nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activities.
- To evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of Alpinia zerumbet extracts.
Main Methods:
- Methanol extracts of leaves, placenta, pericarps, and seeds were analyzed using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS).
- Nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activities of extracts and isolated compounds were assessed.
- Quantitative analysis determined kavalactone derivative concentrations.
Main Results:
- Kavalactone derivatives (1-6) were identified in leaf, placenta, and pericarp extracts.
- A new asymmetrical cyclobutane dimer of 5,6-dehydrokawain (compound 6) was discovered.
- Pericarp extracts showed the highest concentration of kavalactone derivatives and the strongest anti-inflammatory activity.
- Five known and one new kavalactone derivative (aniba dimer C) were identified as active compounds.
Conclusions:
- Alpinia zerumbet pericarps are a significant source of diverse kavalactone derivatives.
- The pericarps possess notable anti-inflammatory properties, supporting their use in traditional medicine.
- Alpinia zerumbet pericarps represent a promising resource for developing new anti-inflammatory agents.
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